Monitoring surface deformation of deep salt mining in Vauvert (France), combining InSAR and leveling data for multi-source inversion

Abstract. The salt mining industrial exploitation located in Vauvert (France) has been injecting water at high pressure into wells to dissolve layers depth. extracted brine used the chemical industry for more than 30 years, inducing a subsidence of surface. Yearly leveling surveys have monitored deformation since 1996. This dataset is supplemented by synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, and 2015, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) data also continuously measured deformation. New are regularly drilled carry on with layer, maintaining subsidence. We make use this careful monitoring inverting geodetic constrain model As InSAR characterized different strengths (spatial temporal coverage InSAR, accuracy leveling) weaknesses (various biases notably atmospheric, very limited spatial leveling), we choose combine SAR images data, produce 3-D velocity field To do so, develop two-step methodology which consists first estimating from ascending descending acquisition Sentinel 1 between 2015 2017 second applying weighted regression kriging improve vertical component areas where available. GNSS control resulting field. design four analytical models increasing complexity. invert combined estimate parameters each model. optimal made 21 planes dislocation fixed position geometry. results inversion highlight two behaviors layer: major collapse layer beneath extracting flow deepest most external zones towards center exploitation.